Improved rock-drilling machine



IINITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

PERLEY II. LAWRENCE, CE SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSECInS.y

IMPROVED ROCK-DRILLIINGpNlACl-HNE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 56,577., dated July 24, 1866.

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, PERLEY H. LAWRENCE, of Springfield, Hampden county, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rock- Drilling Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to letters of reference 'marked thereon.

This invention consists of Several improve ments in machines for drilling orboring through rock or earth for the purpose of forming wells of water or oil, and for other similar purposes.

The nature of these improvements will be Seen from the following description of the construction and operation of my invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of the two ends of a pipe-drill with my improvements attached. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the peculiar form of valve I use in the lower end of the drill-pipe. Fig. 4L is a detail view of the pump used in the upper end. Fig. 5 is a cross-section above the drill-stock.

The machine to which this invention applies is of the kind in which a drill is used attached to the lower end of a hollow tube or pipe, which at the upper end is attached to suitable mechanism for alternately lifting' and dropping the pipe.

In those machines the pipe used is made in lengths comparatively short, and attached together by being screwed, one within the other, at the ends. These, when carried to a considerable depth, become very heavy, so that the drill is apt to be broken by the weight of the blow. To obviate this springs have been attached to the upper end of the pipe to take up a part of the weight. These are a great advantage, but do not quite overcome the difficulty, as the necessary weight required to make the drill cut is sufficient to cause jar enough to break the thread on the joints of the pipe, thus rendering the machine useless. 0f course this difiiculty cannot be overcome by a spring at the top, although that is of great advantage in the use of the machine; but by placing on or around the pipe at the lower end a weight of metal sufficient to drive the drill into the rock, and by interposing bctween this weight and the drill-pipe, as at A, a washer of rubber, sufficient spring is found to take up the jar of the pipe X, so that none of the strain comes on the pipe above this weight or sinker B, the drill-pipe being connected to the sinker by the slide-joint formed of the tube W, passing through the washer A. As all the strain of the blow comes on this sinker B it is necessary that where it is joined together it should be connected by a joint sufficiently strong to resist the jar. To accomplish this I'make the joint of the sinker of a form which I will now describe.

The tube C is screwed at each end into one of the two parts to be joined, and a washer, D, of wrought-iron, is interposed, so that it may bear the strain, and not the threads of the screw. l

In this kind of machine the water, chips, Ste., are pumped up through the drill-pipe'and discharged at the top, the pump usually consisting of a single valve in the lower end.

In this invention I Inake an improvement in the lower valve, as I will now explain.

The drill-Stock l is attached to the interior of the pipe or tube near the valve, and the openings g g' are formed for the water, Sto., to

pass up through. These are necessarily near the sides of the pipe. As the valve is ordinarily formed this current strikes against a shoulder, and thus the passage is obstructed. To obviate this I form the Linder side of the valveseat on a bevel, as shown at S S in the drawings, so that the current is directed to the hole in the valve-seat in the center of the pipe, through Vwhich it passes upward.

My other improvement consists in attaching a piston, G, to a rod, H, which is fastened to a collar, J, by the pin K. This collar is free to turn on the top ofthe frame L, and the pipe moves up and down around it, the pin K working in a Slot, M, thus forming a pump at the top, which greatly relieves the bottom valve and helps the discharge of the chips.

By these various improvements I make the rock-drilling machine, which uses a pipe and relieves itself of chips and other dbris by discharging them through it at the top, which has hitherto been imperfect'in its action, supe rior to any other drill, as will be readily seen from the foregoing description, as it is perequivalent, between the pipe X and sinker B,

Wh en the same is arranged substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. Connecting the parts of the sinker B by means of the joint GD, substantially as herein described.

4. Attaching the piston G to the frame of the machine L by means ofthe rod` H, pin K, and collar J, and using it in combination with the pipe X, in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

PERLEY H. LAWRENCE.

Witnesses:

J. E. FULLER, J. E. JONES. 

